6/16/2023 0 Comments Retraction artifact meaningRetraction artifacts can be mistaken for LVI without IHC. Blood vessels more commonly invaded than lymph vessels. Results: LVI was associated with younger age ( P = 0.001), greater tumor size ( P = 0.007), higher Nottingham grade ( P = 0.001), higher LNR ( P = 0.001), higher NPI ( P = 0.001), Negative ER Status ( P = 0.001), Negative PR Status ( P = 0.002), Positive HER2/ neu status ( P = 0.021), Higher Intratumoral BMVD ( P = 0.016), Peritumoral BMVD ( P = 0.001), and Intratumoral LMVD ( P = 0.009). Statistical Analysis Used: SPSS Software Package. CD34 and D2-40 utilized to distinguish blood vessel, lymph vessel, and retraction artifacts and to calculate lymphatic microvessel density (LMVD) and blood microvessel density (BMVD). Correlation of LVI done with prognostic markers of Carcinoma Breast, namely, age of the patient, tumor size, Nottingham grade, lymph node ratio (LNR), Nottingham prognostic index (NPI), ER/PR status, and HER2/ neu status. Evaluation of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sections was done using H and E and IHC for estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 HER2/ neu receptors, CD34, and D2-40 endothelial markers. Materials and Methods: Fifty mastectomy specimens diagnosed as infiltrating ductal carcinoma breast on histopathology selected for the study. Settings and Design: This was a prospective study. Aims: This study aims to confirm and analyze lymphovascular invasion (LVI) detected by hematoxylin and eosin (H and E) using IHC with CD34 and D2-40 and its correlation with other biologic and morphologic prognostic markers. Numerous prognostic factors based on morphology and immunohistochemistry (IHC) have been established which need to be interconnected to give patients best possible treatment. Sonal Agarwal, Amarjit Singh, Permeet Kaur Baggaĭepartment of Pathology, Government Medical College, Amritsar, Punjab, IndiaĬlick here for correspondence address and email Date of Web Publicationīackground: Carcinoma breast is ever-evolving and becoming increasingly prevalent in India. Immunohistochemical evaluation of lymphovascular invasion in carcinoma breast with CD34 and D2-40 and its correlation with other prognostic markers
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